Elizabeth Carter and the Deal of her time

This timeline celebrates the life and work of Elizabeth Carter (1717-1806) - letter writer, poet, translator, scholar and bluestocking - alongside events taking place during her lifetime in Deal, her home town in Kent.

We have highlighted sources to be found in the collections of Kent Libraries, Registrations and Archives, as well as other sources available online, offering further information on Elizabeth Carter and the town of Deal during her lifetime.;xNLx;----------------------------------------------;xNLx;This timeline is being compiled by staff and volunteers from Kent Libraries, Registrations & Archives:;xNLx;email Kent Archives: archives@kent.gov.uk;xNLx;----------------------------------------------;xNLx;[Kent Libraries](http://www.kent.gov.uk/libs) ;xNLx;;xNLx;[Deal Library](http://webapps.kent.gov.uk/KCC.Libraries.Web.Sites.Public/LibraryDetails.aspx?aid=0&lid=28&uprn=100062285653);xNLx;;xNLx;[Kent Archives and Local History](https://www.kentarchives.org.uk/);xNLx;;xNLx;[Deal Town Council](http://www.deal.gov.uk/Deal-TC/Default.aspx);xNLx;;xNLx;----------------------------------------------;xNLx;Image, left, showing Elizabeth Carter's bookplate, which incorporates the Owl of Athena, Greek goddess of wisdom.;xNLx;----------------------------------------------

1716-06-16 00:00:00

St George's Chapel, Deal, consecrated

St George's Chapel is consecrated as a Chapel-of-Ease to the Parish Church of St Leonard's, Upper Deal.

1717-12-16 00:00:00

Elizabeth Carter born in Deal

Elizabeth is the eldest child of Reverend Dr Nicolas Carter and his first wife, Margaret (née Swayne).

1718-03-26 00:00:00

Rev Dr Nicolas Carter becomes Perpetual Curate at St George's Church, Deal

Nicolas Carter is appointed as Perpetual Curate at St George's Chapel, succeeding William Squire, who served at the Chapel for less than 2 years.

1724-10-04 00:00:00

Elizabeth introduced to Greek, Latin and Hebrew by her father

The Rev Dr Nicolas Carter is an accomplished linguist and is keen to educate all his children to high academic standards.

1725-12-25 00:00:00

Violent storm in the Downs

Ten ships are blown onto Deal beach by fierce north-easterly winds.

1727-11-04 00:00:00

Death of Margaret Carter, mother of Elizabeth

At the time of Margaret's death, Elizabeth is the eldest of five children in the family.

1729-03-05 00:00:00

Attempts to curb smuggling

A Custom's Sloop is stationed at Deal Port to watch out for smuggling from ships in the area.

1729-04-08 00:00:00

Nicolas Carter marries Mary Bean in Deal

Nicolas Carter marries Mary Bean at St Leonard's Church, the Parish Church of Deal.

1729-10-03 00:00:00

Deal Market under threat from 'foreigners'

25 inhabitants of Deal agree to subscribe either 50/- or £5 in defence of the by-laws of the market, which `foreigners' are infringing.

1730-03-06 00:00:00

Captain's House added to Deal Castle

Alterations to Deal Castle include the addition of residential accommodation for the Captain of the Castle.

1734-11-04 00:00:00

'Fire' published in 'Gentleman's Magazine'

At the age of 16, Elizabeth Carter contributes a riddle 'Fire' under the pen-name 'Eliza' in the 'Gentleman's Magazine'.

1735-09-01 00:00:00

Translation of Anacreon’s Ode

At the age of 17, Elizabeth Carter translates Anacreon’s Ode XXX, 'The Muses once intent on play', from Greek into English.

1735-10-01 00:00:00

Elizabeth Carter spends time in London

Encouraged by her father, Elizabeth Carter starts to spend part of the winter months living in London.

1737-11-20 00:00:00

'On the Death of her Sacred Majesty Queen Caroline'

Elizabeth Carter writes a poem in tribute to the late Queen Caroline of Ansbach, wife of King George III.

1738-01-11 00:00:00

George Whitfield preaches in Deal

George Whitfield, a founder member of the Methodist movement, arrives by boat, anchoring in the Downs.

1738-07-11 00:00:00

'To Eliza plucking Laurel in Mr Pope's Gardens'

Accompanied by Samuel Johnson and Thomas Birch, Elizabeth Carter visits the garden created by poet, satirist and translator, Alexander Pope in Twickenham.

1738-07-28 00:00:00

Portrait of Elizabeth Carter by Joseph Highmore

Elizabeth Carter is depicted standing in a garden, holding a book in her left hand, with two female allegorical figures in the background.

1738-08-04 00:00:00

‘Poems Upon Particular Occasions’ published

Elizabeth Carter's first volume of poems is published by Edward Cave, proprietor and editor of the 'Gentleman's Magazine.'

1739-02-02 00:00:00

'An Examination of Mr Pope's Essay on Man'

Elizabeth Carter's translation from French of a critique on Alexander Pope's 'Essay on Man' is published by Edward Cave.

1739-05-10 00:00:00

'Sir Isaac Newton’s Philosophy Explain’d for the Use of the Ladies'

Elizabeth Carter's translation from an Italian treatise on Newton's theory of optics appears anonymously, published by Edward Cave.

1739-12-30 00:00:00

"Rooswijk" sinks on Goodwin Sands

East India Company ship "Rooswijk" hits a sandbank and sinks in the Goodwin Sands shortly after setting off from Holland on her second journey to Batavia.

1740-10-13 00:00:00

King George II lands at Deal

King George II arrives by barge at Deal beach following a visit to Hanover.

1741-01-25 00:00:00

Elizabeth Carter meets Catherine Talbot

Elizabeth Carter is introduced to Catherine Talbot at the home of Frances Rooke in Canterbury.

1741-05-10 00:00:00

Elizabeth Carter portrayed 'in the Habit of Minerva'

Edward Cave publishes a poem with the title 'On Miss Carter's being drawn in the Habit of Minerva, with Plato in her Hand.'

1744-03-15 00:00:00

France declares war on England

Crews enlist to serve on Deal ships, spurred on by Government offers of inducements to equip privateers.

1744-04-14 00:00:00

Mayor and Corporation of Deal pledge loyalty to King George II

At a meeting attended by the Mayor, Jurats and 'Comon Councilmen' of Deal, an address to be presented to the King is approved.

1745-08-01 00:00:00

Fears of Jacobite invasion

A Royal Proclamation is issued by the Lords Justice, promising a reward to anyone who succeeds in capturing 'the Eldest Son of the Pretender.'

1745-11-09 00:00:00

Nicolas Carter writes to Elizabeth of his fears of imminent invasion

Nicolas Carter - a strong supporter of the ruling monarch, King George II - is becoming increasingly concerned about threats of a Jacobite invasion.

1745-12-11 00:00:00

Militia raised at Swingfield

Able-bodied men are being ordered to prepare themselves with arms, in readiness to oppose an expected invasion from the French.

1745-12-24 00:00:00

Observations of Naval and Military activity

Writing to her friend Catherine Talbot, Elizabeth Carter describes recent events, as observed from Deal.

1749-05-01 00:00:00

Elizabeth Carter embarks on Greek translation project

Elizabeth Carter commences an ambitious project to translate all the works of the 1st Century BC Greek Stoic philosopher, Epictetus.

1750-08-18 00:00:00

Elizabeth Carter contributes to 'The Rambler'

Elizabeth Carter contributes an article debating the merits of Religion and Superstition for Samuel Johnson's new journal, 'The Rambler.'

1752-08-09 00:00:00

Nicolas Carter and the Athanasian Creed

Dr Nicolas Carter has been refusing to read the Athanasian Creed in services at St George's Chapel, against the wishes of the Mayor and Corporation.

1754-03-04 00:00:00

'Feminiad' by John Duncombe

Rev John Duncombe pays tribute to Elizabeth Carter in his verse essay on women writers, first published as 'The Feminiad' in 1754.

1755-03-03 00:00:00

Press Gangs in Deal

There is growing unrest in the town over the practice of impressing local men to serve with the Navy.

1756-02-08 00:00:00

Further anxieties about a French invasion

In letters to his brother, James, Reverend Nicolas Carter expresses his concern that an invasion of French forces may be imminent.

1756-02-08 00:00:00

Elizabeth prepares her half-brother, Henry, for entrance to Cambridge University

For several years, Elizabeth has been responsible for educating her half-brother Henry, the youngest of Dr Carter's sons.

1758-04-04 00:00:00

'All the Works of Epictetus, Which are Now Extant' published

Elizabeth Carter's translation from Greek of the works of the Stoic philosopher, Epictetus, brings her fame, social prestige and financial security.

1758-09-04 00:00:00

Four poems by Elizabeth Carter published by Robert Dodsley

The poems are included in Robert Dodsley's 'A Collection of Poems by Several Hands.'

1759-09-09 00:00:00

Death of Elizabeth Carter's stepmother, Mary

Mary Carter is buried at St George's Church, Ham, where Nicolas Carter serves as Rector from 1734 until his death in 1784.

1761-09-22 00:00:00

Deal Celebrates Coronation of King George III

1761-09-26 00:00:00

Elizabeth Carter describes Coronation celebrations in Deal

In a letter to her friend Miss Talbot, Elizabeth Carter writes of the 'great illuminations' in Deal on Coronation Day.

1762-06-01 00:00:00

Elizabeth Carter sets up home in South Street, Deal

With royalties from ‘Epictetus’, topped with an inheritance from her uncle, Elizabeth Carter is now financially independent.

1762-09-22 00:00:00

'Poems on Several Occasions' published

1,000 copies of the first edition of 'Poems on Several Occasions' are printed.

1763-06-04 00:00:00

Elizabeth Carter travels in Europe

Elizabeth Carter makes a continental tour, visiting France, Belgium, Germany and Holland.

1765-03-07 00:00:00

Portrait of Elizabeth Carter by Catherine Read

Catherine Read's portrait of Elizabeth Carter is painted for Elizabeth Montagu, a fellow member of the 'Bluestocking' group.

1771-07-13 00:00:00

Lieutenant Cook lands at Deal

Lieutenant (later Captain) James Cook arrives at Deal at the end of his first voyage to the South Pacific Ocean on board HMS Endeavour.

1774-10-24 00:00:00

Death of Rev Nicolas Carter, father of Elizabeth

Elizabeth Carter has been caring for her father at their home in South Street, where he dies shortly before his 88th birthday.

1776-04-07 00:00:00

Corporation halts practice of impressing men to join the Navy

The Corporation of Deal refuses to allow the practice of impressing seamen in the town.

1778-06-06 00:00:00

'Bluestockings' portrayed as 'Muses in the Temple of Apollo'

Elizabeth Carter is portrayed as one of nine 'Muses in the Temple of Apollo' in a highly idealised painting by Richard Samuel.

Elizabeth Carter and the Deal of her time

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