In the 1860s, mechanisms for producing two-dimensional drawings in motion were demonstrated with devices such as the zoetrope, mutoscope and praxinoscope.
Marey's chronophotographic gun was made in 1882, this instrument was capable of taking 12 consecutive frames a second, and the most interesting fact is that all the frames were recorded on the same picture, using these pictures he studied horses, birds, dogs, sheep, donkeys, elephants, fish, microscopic creatures, molluscs, insects, reptiles, etc. Some call it Marey’s "animated zoo".
To Etienne-Jules Marey the movie camera was an instrument to be used in research on animal locomotion, but to the rest of the world, it was the force behind the advent of the motion picture industry. After George Eastman marketed, in 1885, a photographic film that used a silver bromide emulsion on a gelatin base, Marey was able to increase exposure speed. In his chambre chronophotographique, a paper ribbon of film that produced images 3.6 sq. in. (9 cm) was drawn along behind a shutter.
Thomas A. Edison, inventor of the electric light bulb and the phonograph decides to design machines for making and showing moving pictures. With his assistant W.K.L Dickson (who did most of the work), Edison began experimenting with adapting the phonograph and tried in vain to make rows of tiny photographs on similar cylinders.
Le Prince's disappearance allowed Thomas Edison to take the credit for the invention of motion pictures, but he has been heralded as 'The Father of Cinematography', in current times.
Edison and Dickson build a studio on the grounds of Edison's laboratories in New Jersey, to produce films for their kinetoscope. The Black Maria was ready for film production at the end of January.
Louis and Auguste design a camera which serves as both a recording device and a projecting device. They call it the Cinématographe.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4nj0vEO4Q6s
the short films came in the 1910s. they had short subjects that could be live action or animated. comedians such as Charlie Chaplin and others were known for their short films
The first film shot with the Cinématographe camera is La Sortie de l'usine Lumière a Lyon (Workers leaving the Lumière factory at Lyon). Shot in March it is shown in public at a meeting of the Societe d'Encouragement a l'industrie Nationale in Paris that same month.
1896 The Lumière brothers sent a representative from their company to London and started a successful run of Cinématographe films.
Georges Méliès produces his magnificent "Voyage to the Moon", a fifteen minute epic fantasy parodying the writings of Jules Verne and HG Wells. The film used innovative special effect techniques and introduced colour to the screen through hand-painting and tinting
The world's first colour moving pictures dating from 1902 have been found by the National Media Museum in Bradford after lying forgotten in an old tin for 110 years.
The Great Train Robbery (1903), Porter took the archetypal American Western story, already familiar to audiences from dime novels and stage melodrama, and made it an entirely new visual experience. The one-reel film, with a running time of twelve minutes, was assembled in twenty separate shots, along with a startling close-up of a bandit firing at the camera. It used as many as ten different indoor and outdoor locations and was groundbreaking in its use of "cross-cutting" in editing to show simultaneous action in different places. No earlier film had created such swift movement or variety of scene. The Great Train Robbery was enormously popular. For several years it toured throughout the United States, and in 1905 it was the premier attraction at the first nickelodeon. Its success firmly established motion pictures as commercial entertainment in the United States.
There are about 9,000 movie theaters in the United States. The typical film is only a single reel long, or ten- to twelve minutes in length, and the performers were anonymous. Members of the Motion Picture Patents Company submit their films to the New York State Board of Censorship.
Charlie Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks, D.W. Griffith, and Mary Pickford form United Artists.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HheEPyIJQzo&feature=related
The first inflight movie, a black & white, silent film called The Lost World, is shown in a WWI converted Handley-Page bomber during a 30-minute flight near London.
He was known for his controversial short films and his first solo film was L'Âge d'Or . It was read to be an attack on Catholicism, and thus, precipitated an even larger scandal than Un chien andalou. The press criticized the film and the police placed a ban on it that lasted 50 years.
short film festivals are advertising tools and introduce new directors and showcase their talent. if a director wins a short film they usually get funding for a motion picture. The first major film festival was held in Venice in 1932
François Roland Truffaut (6 February 1932 – 21 October 1984) was an influential filmmaker and film critic, one of the founders of the French New Wave.[1] In a film career lasting over a quarter of a century, he remains an icon of the French film industry. He was also a screenwriter, producer, and actor, working on over twenty-five films.
The French New Wave was a blanket term coined by critics for a group of French Filmmakers of the late 1950s and 1960s, influenced by Italian Neorealism and classical Hollywood cinema. Although never a formally organized movement, the New Wave filmmakers were linked by their self-conscious rejection of classical cinematic form and their spirit of youthful iconoclasm and is an example of European art cinema. Cinematic stylings of French New Wave brought a fresh look to cinema, with a group of conventions that were consistently used in the majority of French New Wave films including; Long takes, Jump cuts & rapid changes of scene, improvised dialogue and plotting, shooting on location, natural lighting, direct sound recording and shots that go beyond the common 360 degree axis. Most agree that the French New Wave was at its peak in 1958, and 1964, but it continued to ripple on afterwards.
Ashvin Kumar started out originally working as an actor and director in theatre. After graduating at university in 1996, he began working in films as an editor. Between 1996 and 2001, Ashvin edited, produced, acted-in and directed plays, short films, commercials and music videos, whilst setting up his own digital post-production business in New Delhi, India. In 2002, he directed the successful film “Road to Ladakh, for which he received acclaim at various film festivals, including Cannes. shvin realised there was more money to be made from films than theatre, especially the theatre that he was doing in India- things like Becket and the theatre of the absurd he was experimenting with at the time. He felt that there was so many stories to be told out of India. As India moves rapidly to capitalistic praising from a having a militant social background, there is very little time there to want anything but escapist, mindless entertainment, therefore leading to high film veiwings. India is such a varied and culturally interesting country, and especially in the last 200 years, with its contact with the English lanuage, this has opened it very uniquely, to the rest of the world. And nowadays, it is Bollywood that totally dominates the cinematically cultural Indian landscape, that very few alternative voices can shine through, that may be tied up in the feudal system- which is why Ashvin Kumar strongly felt the drive and passion to make his films in India. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JAKQgYG5cAE
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KyM54sHC7Co Boy and Bicycle is the first film made by Ridley Scott. The black and white short was made on 16mm film while Scott was a photography student at the Royal College of Art in London in 1962.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ASHP-vgnjAw Vincent is a 1982 stop-motion short film written, designed and directed by Tim Burton and Rick Heinrichs. The film is narrated by actor Vincent Price, a lifelong idol and inspiration for Burton. From this relationship, Price would go on to appear in Burton's Edward Scissorhands. Vincent Price later said that the film was "the most gratifying thing that ever happened. It was immortality—better than a star on Hollywood Boulevard."
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-WhKt_CkXD0 Doodlebug (1997) is a three minute film about a man chasing an insect with a shoe around a grotty flat, only to discover on killing it that it is a miniature of himself, seconds before he himself is crushed by a larger version of himself. Nolan wrote, directed, co-produced, photographed, and edited the film.
A internet site that can be used to host short films for the world to see. http://www.youtube.com/user/youtube?feature=results_main
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