MOORS

Moors are in fact the originators of Culture and Civilization, creators of Man’s Social Evolution, Political Governments as well as the Arts and Sciences: Mathematical, Numerological, Chemical, Agricultural, Grammatical, Philosophical and Astrological out of which sprang all Spiritual philosophies .

0046 BC-01-01 00:00:00

The Titles: El, Bey, Ali, AL, Dey, ect.

Prior to Circa 46 BC., the Ancient Moors were referred to by their National names like Washitaw, Almoravides, Almohades, Moabites, Canaanites, Yisraelites, etc… See: Circle Seven Holy Koran.

0207-01-01 00:00:00

Roman General Aemilianus The (so called) "Black Night"

The ancient Romans thoroughly documented the lives of indigenous (so called) "Africans" to whom they commonly referred as the MOORS. By the 4th century AD, the Roman army heavily recruited Moors for their exceptional skill in battle. One such Moorish general, Aemilianus (207-253 AD) as described in Epitome de Caesaribus (390s AD), was so skilled that he was made emperor in the Roman province of Moesia (Balkan peninsula), albeit for only 4 months' time. Other skilled Africans were made Catholic patron saints, such as the popular St. Maurice or Mauritius in Latin as described in the Passio Martyrum Acaunensium (The Passion of the Martyrs of Agaunum) by French bishop St. Eucherius (434-450 AD). According to the text, St. Maurice lived around 286 AD and was believed to be part of the Theban Legion of Egyptian Christians who served in the Roman army under his command. St. Maurice's brigade was supposedly decimated for disobeying orders to kill Christians in Roman Helvetia (Switzerland). The oldest known physical representation of him, however, was not created until 1281 AD (a detailed statue now housed in the cathedral of Magdeburg, Germany; shown on the right).

0236 BC-01-01 00:00:00

Africanus

The term African and the "BRAND" accepted and used by many "AFRICAN AMERICAN" (a term delineating NO Nationality nor Heritage) were derived from the name of a ROMAN General "Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus" (236–183 BC), also known as Scipio the African, Scipio Africanus-Major, Scipio Africanus the Elder, and Scipio the Great by many Europeans. He was the General who in the Second Punic War defeated the legendary Moorish Commander Hannibal The Great at Zama. Hannibal (247–182 bc ), Carthaginian general. In the second Punic War he attacked Italy by crossing the Alps. He repeatedly defeated the Romans, although he failed to take Rome itself. After being recalled to "Africa" he was defeated in 202. . NOTE: Carthaginian / Canaanites" and "Land of Cain" / Phoenician was a language originally spoken in the coastal (Mediterranean) region then called "Canaan". CANAAN derived from Cain is where the term Canannland or the North American region called Canada was derived. For an opportunity to listen in on a meeting of Canannland Moors click the following "FIND OUT MORE" button below.

0303-01-01 00:00:00

Saint Victor The Moor

A well-known Catholic saint from Africa was Victor Maurus or Saint Victor the Moor, a martyr who supposedly lived around 303 AD (the date of the oldest known depiction of him might not be reliable since the church in which it is found, the Basilica of Saint Victor near Milan, was reconstructed several times and then nearly destroyed in World War II). The life of another African Catholic martyr, St. Zeno of Verona, was first recounted by 7th century Italian author, Coronato who affirmed that Zeno was an African native. SIDE NOTE: Neither Aemilianus nor St. Maurice were from so-called "Mauretania" (Latin: Mavritania) which is erroneously believed to be the name of an ancient Roman province along the northwestern coast of Africa. This particular region was neither called "Mauretania" in any known ancient literary text nor was it named after the so-called "Mauri tribe," as many modern historians believe. "Mauri" is merely the plural form of the Latin transliteration, "Maurus," as mentioned above. The oldest known map of that region (of which a copy of may be viewed at the following URL: http://www.taneter.org/moors.html) shows its name was Tingi (or Tingitana in literature). Instead, Roman Catholic writers of the 5th-9th centuries AD used "Mauretania" synomymously with all of Africa, not any one particular region.

0407-01-01 00:00:00

MOORS Built And Owned The Earliest Known Medieval Castle In Europe

By 470 AD, following the fall of the Roman empire, Africans slowly began repopulating southern Europe, and by 711 AD, General Tarik ibn Ziyad al-Gibral, an Islamized African native whence the name, "Gibraltar," is derived, led a major invasion beyond that same peninsula. His fortress (which can been seen at: http://www.taneter.org/moors.html) is the earliest known medieval castle in Europe, built centuries before those of the Loire Valley in France. According to legend, the phrase, "Thank heaven for 711" comes from the overwhelming sentiment of relief experienced when Moorish civilization permeated the Iberian peninsula (Spain, Portugal and Andorra) and Southern France and replaced primitive Visagothic feudal serfdom. For over 750 years, the Moors would lead Spain into an unprecedented era of freedom of association, religion, education and enterprise.

0500 BC-01-01 00:00:00

The Moor Mound Builders

Circa 500 B.C., Copper colored Aboriginal Americans, from the Hopewell Mounds in Ohio, North America. FURTHER NOTE: - The copper colour American Hebrews (Yisraelites) kept the Passover called the Green-Corn Dance. See: History of the American Indians by James Adair (1775) page 80, 101. The Ancient Ones or Mound/Pyramid Builders of North America (over 150 unearthed some Egyptian styled are up and down the Mississippi River) according to the U.S. Bureau of Ethnology was built by copper-hued skin (Asiatics/Moors). See: U.S. Bureau of Ethnology. 12th Annual Report, 1980—1891. . The Aboriginal Americans or Mound Builders of North America built ceremonial mounds that date as far back as 5,400 years ago. The oldest mound in North America to date is found in Watson brake Louisiana, 32 km South-West of Monroe. See: “Japan Times Newspaper”, September 20, 1997, reported by Joe W. Sanders.

0700-01-01 00:00:00

Moor's Muslim Schools in North America

Circa 700-800 A.D., Several Muslim Schools in North America; Valley of Fire (Nevada), Mesa Verde (Colorado), Mimbres Valley (New Mexico) and Tipper Canoe (Indiana). North African Arabic and Old Kufic Arabic scripts are engraved on rocks, test, diagram, charts including writing, reading, arithmetic, religion, history, geography, mathematics, astronomy and sea navigation. For more info, contact: Dr. Barry Fell, at Harvard University.

0711-01-01 00:00:00

Oh Thank Heaven For 7-11

Circa 711 A.D., The same Moors that that ruled Moslem Spain and Portugal for centuries were 'black' or dark skinned people and the same who brought the Europeans out of their 'Dark Ages" into their Resonance Age of Enlightenment.. See: Golden Age of the Moors, Edited by Ivan Van Sertima, pgqe 337.

0800-01-01 00:00:00

Moor Generals: Abisme & Marsile

By 800 AD, the Franks began efforts to contain the spread of Moorish society to the south of the Pyrennees mountains. Much of the literature, lore and art that followed centered around the Franks' efforts to defeat the Moors. For instance, the Song of Roland (French, La Chanson de Roland, 1140-1170 AD), the oldest known French literary work, describes Frankish Charlemagne's (742-814 AD) long campaign in southern France. The text's account of a Moorish leader named Marsile, is as follows: "Although Marsile has fled, his uncle Marganice remains, he who rules Carthage, Alfrere, Garmalie, and Ethiopia, an accursed land. He has the black people under his command, their noses are big and their ears broad, together they number more than fifty thousand. They ride fiercely and furiously, then they shout the pagan battle cry." Then another Moor General whom the Franks called Abisme is described as follows: "In the forefront rides a Saracen, Abisme...He is as black as molten pitch." - Original art work depicting these MOORS and more information of this subject may be found at the following URL: http://www.taneter.org/moors.html

1200 BC-01-01 00:00:00

Long Before Columbus

The incredible massive stone sculptures with distinctive African features of the tribes now called OLMAC dating back to 1100 BC were discovered in Tres Zapotes, the Mesoamerican Cultural Area or Middle America which comprise much of present-day Mexico as well as the northern parts of Central America. In the centuries long before Europeans reached the Americas, Mesoamerica was a densely populated region, with many diverse native/indigenous cultures. Olmec (pronounced OL-mek), also written as Olmeca, is a term derived from the rubber trees growing in the area and applied by scholars to the cultures of the region. That is to say, their culture influenced other cultures that followed. From approximately 1200 B.C. to A.D. 300, Olmec culture dominated the region. Scholars referrer much of this period as the Preclassic period which was followed by the Clasic period when the MAYA flourished; which in turn was followed by the Postclassic period, when the TOLTEC and AZTEC flourished. The Olmec homeland was situated largely along the Gulf coast to the east of of present-day Mexico City, Yet yhe Olmec had extensive trade contacts all throughout Mesoamerica. It is important to remember that it was not until modern history that conflicts created due to the incursion of Europeans that such land separation distinctions (borders) came into being. Prior to the European all of the land from Canada across what is now called the United States to include Mexico as well as all of South America was one undivided land inhabited by various tribes of indigenous Moors. Moors are indigenous to the entire planet, not by any means simply Africa. The very word INDIGENOUS can be understood as INDI referencing "Black" + GEN (beGENing) or by the origin of GENetics.

1492-08-21 00:00:00

Columbus Reports Seeing Islamic Mosques Near Cuba

Circa 1492 A.D., On Monday October 21, 1492, Christopher Columbus admits in his papers, while sailing near Cuba, he saw a mosque on top of a beautiful mountain. The ruins of mosques and minerats with inscriptions of Quranic verses have been found in Cuba, Mexico, Texas and Nevada. The dress of the Indian (Moorish) woman long veils” the men “Breedclothes painted in the style of Moorish draperies” in Grenada and Trinidad… See: Precolumbian Muslims in the Americas by Dr. Yousef Mroueh The descendants of these North American Moors are the present day Iroquois, Algonquin, Anasazi, Hohokam, Olmec, Apache, Arawak, Arikana, Chavin, Cherokee, Cree, Hupa, Hopi, Makkah, Mohawak, Naca, Zulu, Zuni… These words also, derive from Arabic and Islamic root origins. See: Precolumbian Muslims in the America by Dr. Yousef Mroueh. . The word INDIAN is INDIA like the INK it means, Black Pigment. See: Webster’s New World Dictionary (Third College Edition, 1988), p.686 .. The status of the descendants of the Moorish Inhabitants of Spain and Portugal on American soil is FREE WHITE PERSONS (natural men and women). This status does not apply to the Caucasian Race, Aryan Race, or Indo-European Races under the Naturalization Act (Amended by Act. July 14, 1879), I Stat.103,c.3 See: Black’s Law Dictionary (Fourth Ed. P. 797)

1503-01-01 00:00:00

Common Hispanic Family Names Imported From Africa

Circa 1503—1517 A.D., An estimated 3,000 Aborigina-American (Moors) were captured from the eastern seaboard of Terra Nova (North America) some of their names are Ali, Melchor, Miguel, Manne, Juan, Pedro, Antonio and Juan-Amarco. A record of that account can be fond in the Slave Books of Seville, Valencia, Catalina Spain. They were classified as Negro (Negro means Dead) and Black (dirty and evil). See: African and Native American by Jack D. Forbes, page 24.

1503-01-01 00:00:00

New ENGLANDERS find "Blacks" already in North America

Circa 1676 A.D., The Europeans that arrived in New England (North America) described the Aboriginal-Americans (Moors) to be BLACK AS GYPSIES (E-GYPTIANS)

1503-07-10 00:00:00

King George and the FOUR Colonies distinct

Circa 1763 A.D., On October 7, 1763, King George R., of Great Britain's, Treaty with the Indigenous People (Indians) regarding land acquisitions and demarcation lines in America. The FOUR Colonies distinct and separate governments are called Quebec, East Florida, West Florida and Grenada. See: Washitaw de Duglahmoundyah Empire, Newspaper, December 1998, Front Page.

1625-01-01 00:00:00

THE FATHERS OF RACISM

The concept of there being a “Race” (a competition between opponents having a singular goal, defeating the opponent) was initiated as a deceptive device invented and further enhanced and reinforced under the false color of science logic by the following three Europeans: • François Bernier • Carl Linnaeus • Johann Friedrich Blumenbach SEE: MoorishDirectory.com Home Page for more information regarding these three notorious individuals.

1770-03-05 00:00:00

A MOOR - THE FIRST TO GIVE HIS LIFE IN THE AMERICAN WAR OF INDEPENDENCE

On March 5, 1770 in what would be called The Boston Massacre a MOOR by the name of Crispus Attucks who was leading a group of patriots became the first individual killed in the American Revolution. He was but one of a great number of MOORS who were intrinsically involved in The War of Independence. Moors were the very foundation and cornerstone of the creation of the United States Republic. The Constitution “FOR” The United States of America was adopted from the Moors and the land was ceded to their said Government by your Moorish Forefathers. Even the design of Washington D.C. was designed the Moor Ben Bey Benjurman (Benjamin Banneker Bey)

1774-01-01 00:00:00

Webser Establishes The BRAND Black

Circa 1774 A.D., Noah Webster and his associates branded the Moors Black-a-Moor, Moor was dropped and replaced with the customary term Nigger, Negroe, Colored or black. The use of the word Nigger or Negroe represents the spiritually dead people and not the Nigritian People. Black-A-Moor, n. [For black Moor] A black man or woman, esp. an African negro; any very dark-complexion person. See: New Century Dictionary of the English Language 1927.

1774-07-10 00:00:00

Grand Master Mason George Washington Re. Moorish Flag

Circa 1774 A.D., The five pointed green star in the center of a field of red is the Moorish flag was the alleged cherry tree that General George Washington, chopped down. See: Moorish Civic Relations Concepts, Volume 14, Page 37.

1787-01-01 00:00:00

Treaty of Peace And Friendship

Circa 1787 A.D., Assisted by England, Scotland, Ireland, Netherlands, France, Germany, Finland and Sweden the United States of America ended their war with the Moors (Moroccan Empire) and signed the Treaty of Peace and Friendship with the Emperor Mohammed III (Moorish-Mason). The aforementioned treaty is the longest unbroken treaty in the history of the United States. See: U.S. Moroccan Relations, by Robert G. Neuman, Former U.S. Ambassador to Morocco (1973--1976).

1789-01-01 00:00:00

MOORS Created The United States Constitution which was "ADOPTED" by the Europians

The Constitution of the United States, the Supreme Law of The Land known now as The United States of America was created by the Moors as is evident in its first paragraph " "We the People ADOPT this constitution". The Constitution, originally comprising seven articles, delineates the national frame of government. Its first three articles entrench the doctrine of the separation of powers, whereby the federal government is divided into three branches: the legislative, consisting of the bicameral Congress; the executive, consisting of the President; and the judicial, consisting of the Supreme Court and other federal courts. Articles Four, Five and Six entrench concepts of federalism, describing the rights and responsibilities of state governments and of the states in relationship to the federal government. Article Seven establishes the procedure subsequently used by the thirteen States to ratify it. Since the Constitution came into force in 1789, it has been amended twenty-seven times. In general, the first ten amendments, known collectively as the Bill of Rights, offer specific protections of individual liberty and justice and place restrictions on the powers of government. The majority of the seventeen later amendments expand individual civil rights. Others address issues related to federal authority or modify government processes and procedures. Amendments to the United States Constitution, unlike ones made to many constitutions world-wide, are appended to the end of the document. At seven articles and twenty-seven amendments, it is the shortest written constitution in force. An important aspect however to remember is that with the Constitution having been created for the Europeans the authority to modify if as has been done was never bestowed. Amendments such as the 14th are irrelevant in that previous Carters upon which the Constitution rests (which have never been modified) already clarified all men to be free. What the 14th amendment created was THE NEGRO as a matter of commerce which holds no position in reality.

1789-12-01 00:00:00

George Washington, apologizes to his Masonic Brother Emperor Mohammed III

Circa 1789 A.D., On December 1, 1789. The Ninth President of the United States George Washington, apologizes to his Masonic Brother Emperor Mohammed III, for not sending the regular advices (tribute: a payment by one ruler or nation to another as acknowledgment of submission or price of protection, excessive tax). Also, President Washington asked the Emperor to recognize their newly formed government. The Moroccan Empire (Moors) were the first nation to recognize the thirteen colonies as a sovereign nation. Allegedly the Emperor agreed to their recognition because 25 Moors were members of the first Continental Congress. See: The Writing of George Washington from the Original Manuscript Source 1745—1799, Editor John C. Fitzpatrick, Volume 30, pages 474—476. CLICK: "Find Out More" to read the letter

1790-01-20 00:00:00

The Sundry Free Moors Act

Circa 1790 A.D., On Wednesday, January 20, 1790, A petition was presented to the House of Representatives from the Sundry (numerous) Free Moors, Subjects to the Prince under the Emperor of Morocco in Alliance with the United Stats of America. The Sundry Free Moors Act states that all Free Moors may be tried under the same Laws as the Citizens of (South Carolina) and NOT under the Negro Act. See: South Carolina Department of Archives and History: SC House of Representatives Journal, 1789—90, p. xxii, 353—364, 373—374: In Re. Sundry Free Moors.

1848-06-06 00:00:00

Washitaw-Moors/Muurs

Circa 1848 A.D., On June 6, 1848, a Supreme Court Decision read by Theo H. McCaleb (Judge). Declared that the United States DOES NOT own the land of The Ancient Ones (Uaxashaktun) Mound Builders of North America (more than 1,000, 000 square miles of land). Also, the Court declared the lawful land owners are the heirs of Henry Turner (Washitaw-Moors/Muurs). See: Case No. 191, U.S. Supreme Court, United States vs. Heirs of Henry Turner

1857-01-01 00:00:00

Dred Scott

Circa 1857 A.D., The DRED SCOTT Case from the United States Supreme Court; holds that Africans [Moors] imported [captured in an undeclared war of enslavement]. Into this country [Territory of the United States and Several States] and SOLD as [perpetual} Slaves, were not included nor intended to be included under the word “Citizen” in the Constitution, whether emancipated or not, and remained without rights or privileges except such as those which the government might grant them. See: Dred Scott v. Sandford, 60 U.S. (How.) 393, 15L Ed., 691, Blacks Law Dictionary 6th, Edition, Page 495.

1880-01-01 00:00:00

Jan Ernst Matzeliger

Jan Ernst Matzeliger (1852–1889) invented a shoemaking machine that increased shoemaking speed by 900%! In 1992, the U.S. made a postage stamp in honor of Matzeliger

1880-01-01 05:30:27

Jan Ernst Matzeliger

Jan Ernst Matzeliger (1852–1889) invented a shoemaking machine that increased shoemaking speed by 900%! In 1992, the U.S. made a postage stamp in honor of Matzeliger.

1886-01-01 00:00:00

Noble Drew Ali

Noble Drew Ali, born Timothy Drew in North Carolina in 1886, rose by Cherokee Indians and adopted into that tribe. At sixteen Drew began his wandering a circus magician, which took him to Egypt where he received self knowledge and direction from a priest, the last of a cult of High Magic practiced for centuries in the pyramid of Cheops. The Magus recognized the young American as a reincarnation of a former leader of the cult, and saw him for the prophet he was. From him Drew Ali learned the messages of the Circle Seven Koran, as well as much higher truths; he returned to America where he was told in a dream to found a new religion “for the upliftment of fallen mankind.” He began the first temple, in Newark--- but because he and his followers refused to fight in the World War 1 he was forced to move to Chicago, where his movement, the Moorish Science Temple, began to grow. In Chicago Noble Drew issued many Moorish Passports, and it is said that some new converts, in the zeal of their new found nationality, began to grow less and less subservient in their dealings with the oppressor empire. This culminated in a full scale attack on the Science Temple in which many of the faithful were martyred, including the Enforcer of the Law, a man whom Noble Drew Ali had recognized as a reincarnation of Jesus. The above information is an except from: the website: "THE CLOCK OF DESTINY - http://www.clockofdestiny.com/noble_drew_ali.htm . . . . where in which much more regarding Noble Drew Ali may be found to study in more depth. We also recommend STRONGLY that you click the "FIND OUT MORE" info link at the bottom of this entry to view a well researched presentation on Noble Drew Ali. Shortly thereafter (in 1929) Noble Drew prophesied the hour of his death. He was “taken for questioning” by the Chicago Police a brutally beaten, and died soon after his release. Some say he died due to Tuberculosis but that is hard to believe when he had Moorish Tea and healing oil that solved all illnesses at that time -(words of the Premier). After this, the Moorish Science Temple began to split into sects or factions, one headed by Noble Drew’s chauffeur, another by Elijah Muhammad, who his Moorish Science origins taught a pseudo-science of race hatred disguised as the “Nation of Islam.” In the 1950’s in the Baltimore/DC area, some white poets and jazz musicians came into contact with Moorish Science, the Moorish Orthodox Church of America. The Premier can give you a three page history of the transition, however, the Moorish Science Temple of America will be best and telling this story.

1899-01-01 00:00:00

Madam C. J. Walker

(1867–1919) The first modern hair-growing lotion was invented by the Moorish American inventor C.J. Walker. Walker grew up poor but would become became the first female (so called at that time) "Negro"- millionaire.

1900-01-01 00:00:00

George Washington Carver

(1860–1943) In addition to developing the formula for peanut butter the brilliant inventor Gorge Carver created over 400 other plant products/inventions! Carver was born a slave. He didn't go to college until he was 30.

1900-01-01 05:30:27

Lewis Latimer

(1848–1928) The Moorish inventor Lewis Latimer invented the most important part of the light bulb — the carbon filament. The brilliant Moorish inventor Latimer worked in the laboratories of both Thomas Edison and Alexander Graham Bell who would take credit for his work and inventions, not to mention the Patents and wealth derived from these inventions and others which would follow.

1912-01-01 00:00:00

The Moorish Divine & National Movement

1911 - 1912: Noble Drew Ali established in (what we today call) ”North America" The Moorish Divine & National Movement. CLICK the "Find Out More" button below to view an extremely beneficial video presentation by members of the Moors Order of The Round Table. 1913: Noble Drew Ali Officially Activated The established Moorish Divine & National Movement To counter Noble Drew Ali and his Moorish Divine & National Movement’s activities, Woodrow Wilson conspired with the Banking Elitists to place into effect a series of sweeping finance reform acts, dismantling further key aspects of North American REPUBLIC’S constitutional framework’s cornerstones agreed upon and established by 35 Moors 20 European Masons in 1778. [A Divine Document established by the MOORS to put an end to Centuries upon Centuries of Wars between the Romans (The European Nation collectively) and the Moors.] Along with his economic advisers Virginia Representative Carter Glass, (soon to become the chairman of the House Committee on Banking and Finance,) and H. Parker Willis, (formerly a professor of economics at Washington and Lee University) Wilson worked out a scheme with the Global Banking Cartels called the Federal Reserve Act. Many people are under the false impression our form of government is a democracy, or representative democracy. This is of course completely untrue. The Founders (the afforenoted framers) were extremely knowledgeable about the issue of democracy and feared a democracy as much as a monarchy.  They understood that the only entity that can take away the people's freedom is their own government, either by being too weak to protect them from external threats or by becoming too powerful and taking over every aspect of life. They knew very well the meaning of the word "democracy", and the history of democracies; and they were deliberately doing everything in their power to prevent having a democracy. In a true Republic, the sovereignty resides with the indigenous people of the land (CONNECTED TO THE LAND BY LINEAGE - BLOOD AND BIRTHRIGHT) .  In a Republic, such an individual or one who has been Naturalized and deemed a Citizen may act on his own or through his representatives when he chooses to solve a problem. The people have no obligation to the government; instead, the government is a servant of the people, and obliged to its owner, We the People.

1913-01-01 00:00:00

Noble Drew Ali, Founded The Moorish Science Temple,

Circa 1913 A.D., Knowledge of our Moorish Heritage would have been lost if it was not for the Moorish-Mason, our illustrious Brother Noble Drew Ali, who founded the Moorish Science Temple, in Newark, New Jersey (1913). For the unconscious de-nationalized Moors i.e., negroes, blacks and coloreds, Moorish represents our Nationality. Science represents our Ancestors Spiritual Arts maintained in Esoteric Free Masonry, and the Temple represents our Body the dwelling place of the Creator of the Universe. Also, Noble Drew Ali, is responsible for the Moorish flag flying once again on American (Moroccan) soil in 1913. The State of Morocco was not allowed to fly the Moorish flag until 1956 A.D., after their independence from France.

1940-01-01 00:00:00

Otis Boykin

Otis Boykin, the Moorish inventor of such devices as the electronic control devices for guided missiles, IBM computers, and the pacemaker, took a special interest in working with resistors, began researching and inventing on his own. He sought and received a patent for a wire precision resistor on June 16, 1959. This resistor would later be used in radios and televisions. Two years later, he created a breakthrough device that could withstand extreme changes in temperature and pressure. The device, which was cheaper and more reliable than others on the market, came in great demand by the United States military for guided missles and IBM for computers. In 1964, Boykin moved to Paris, creating electronic innovations for a new market of customers. His most famous invention was a control unit for the pacemaker. Ironically, Boykin died in Chicago in 1982 as a result of heart failure. Upon his death, he had 26 patents to his name.

1950-01-01 00:00:00

Garrett Morgan

(1877–1963) Moorish inventor Garrett Morgan invented the gas mask as well as the first traffic signal.

MOORS

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