The Kaleidoscope was invented by Sir David Brewster, this is really basic animation caused by a tube containing two mirrors that reflex multiple images of coloured glass.
1801 was when Joseph Plateau was born. He created the "v" a device very similar to the "Zoetrope". The Zoetrope was a drum with images on where as the "Phenakistoscope" was a disc. Both made to give an illusion to the images which causes movement. The Zoetrope was more successful at this, it gave a cleaner image.
1786 was the year when William Horner was born, this man created something called the "Zoetrope", this amazing invention brought animation to life, once spun around the images inside will begin to move, this is done because the image is repeated around in a circle, the image is not exactly the same, it changes ever so slightly, now once its spun it will begin to move and will begin looping until stopped. This is the tradition 2D animation, before computers, this is the time when animation was done by hand. The down side to this invention you'd need someone to constantly spin it and you can only look through the outer walls holes to watch the animation smoothly.
A Flip book is a very simple way to create an illusion of a moving image. A flipbook works by having a stack of paper, usually better if they are connected in some way. Then have the images in slightly different positions (frames) on different pages, and when these are "flipped", the images begin to link up.
1844 was the year Emile Reynaud was born. Emile Reynaud created the Praxinoscope which is a device which was the successor to the zoetope. It changed how you viewed the image however the barrel stayed the same. Within the barrel it was different, instead of having slits to look through, mirrors where added so the viewer could simply look at it and the illusion begin on a bigger picture.
Eadweard Muybridge (born 1830) invented the Zoopraxiscope. It is considered to be the primary inspiration for Thomas Edison's Kinetoscope.
1847 was the year Thomas Edison was born. Join with Edward Muybridge who was born in 1830 both created the Kinetoscope. Same principle as the Zoetope, image going round in a loop to give the illusion of motion, once again your looking through something to help keep the images smooth. Instead of comming as a drum or a disc, this device comes in a box that has a reel of images inside it.
1864 was the year that the Lumière brothers was born. These two brothers was the first people to become film makers, also the first motion movie through the Kinetoscope. This gave great fame to them and the Kinetoscope, which would then start a series of events which will soon lead on to the digital side of things. This brought developers together and companies such as: Warner Bros, Walt Disney, Norman McLaren and many more, to start to work on this new technology and the idea of movies done through animation.
The Berlin Wintergarten theatre was the site of the first movie theater ever, with a short movie presented by the Skladanowsky brothers in 1895.
1901 was the year when Walt Disney was born, "the jack of all trades", this man was good at alot of things such as: American business magnate, animator, cartoonist, producer, director, screenwriter, philanthropist and voice actor. Walt Disney was so good that he named the company after himself. Walt Disney is where the digital side of animation began. Walt Disney helped create alongside all of his co-workers "Micky Mouse". Micky Mouse was the first sound character animation ever created and aired on May 15, 1928.
1901 was the year that Len Lye was born, around the same time as the birth of Walt Disney. Len Lye was a student when he realized his fascination towards motion art. Len Lye watched an animated movie (presuming Micky Mouse from Walt Disney) which then got him thinking, Len Lye wanted to create his own movie. He would right about this in books upon books about the ability to make art move.
1914 was the year Norman McLaren, a animator who loved to draw, he worked for the National Film Board of Canada, where he used his amazing skills to make the characters to star in the animation. He was given awards and Oscars for his skills in film making.
In 1914 Cel animation was created by Earl Hurd. This is the traditional way of animating, where each frame is drawn by hand onto a sheet of celluloid. A full length animated movie would take up to hundreds of thousands of drawings to complete.
Little Red Riding Hood was the first animated short created by Walt Disney. This was the first essence of storytelling from Wald Disney.
Looney Tunes was created by Warner Bros, this animated cartoon brought alot of old and new characters together such as: Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Porky Pig, Road Runner. These characters then spiraled into their own series after this such as: Duck Dodgers, Merrie Melodies.
Donald Duck was the first animated cartoon to air. The first episode aired was name "Donalds Cousin Gus".
1957 was the year Hanna Barbera was born, this company was founded by "William Hanna" and "Joseph Barbera". This company was the biggest and the best animator studio on american TV. This company soon becomes the all famous "Warner Bros". This is the time when digital animation became so popular everyone was tuning in to watch, this was evidence that technology was changing.
Yellow Submarine was an animated musical made by the British. This film was really big for animation, it gave animation a better name. This animated movie made animation a serious art form.
Monty Python are a group of British people who's talents lies in comedy sketches. Animation was implemented for added comedy.
1978 was when Hanna Barbera became Warner Bros. The Warner Bros was a family business, the Warners created a very famous company that we all know and love today and will for a long time. All the founders are passed away, however there passion towards the motion of art will carry on inspiring others to create animated programs for years and years to come. This company will remain here for along time with its famous characters from the looney tunes such as Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Porky Pig and many others. This company will change as technology changes, as it has done since 1978.
In 1990 PowerPoint 2.0 for Windows 3.0 was released. The animation on this was very basic, having different transitions and video effects.
After Effects was created by the Company of Science and Art in Providence, RI, USA. It was the acquired by the Aldus corporation in July 1993. Adobe then wanted to take the program from Aldus and did so in 1994, which when After Effects reached version 3.0. The stable release of CC After Effects was June 18, 2014. After Effects is a program which can interpret all different animation techniques. Once the animation is made, it can be exported as SWF, MP4 etc.
Space Jam is a movie of the Looney Tunes places into the real world. This is done through CGI and cel animation techniques.
Gorillaz Clint Eastwood was released in 2001, this music video was animated using the cel shading technique.
A Scanner Darkly is an animated film made by the Americans. This animated science fiction movie which was made using a technique called rotoscoping, where than animation is drawn frame by frame.
Persepolis was a animated movie made by the French. This movie was nominated for "Academy Award for Best Animated Feature" an animated feature is defined by the academy as a film with a running time of more than 40 minutes in which characters' performances are created using a frame by frame technique. This film lost to another animated film called "Ratatouille".
The Lego Movie is an animated film about the toy "Lego". In the thumbnail, you can see a way in which they animated the Lego movie, they used CGI and stop motion to complete the movie. This involved actual Lego characters and Lego architecture.
Animation could become so much more, or it may even return back to the olden days where shorts were far more common. The address link below will take you to an article which will describe five predictions for the future of animation.
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