Actions outside the immediate control of the Arctic dramatically shape its future on challenges including governance, climate change, water, biodiversity, indigenous peoples, commercial development, shipping, natural resources, and security. The region’s future depends on a better global understanding of the consequences of decisions made outside of as well as within the region.;xNLx;Arctic in Context will partner with News Deeply, a new media and technology firm dedicated to innovating and improving the user experience of complex global issues, to provide content for a single-issue website, Arctic Deeply, launching in time to shape the 2015-17 US Chairmanship of the Arctic Council, an intergovernmental organization designed to address regional issues.
In 1819, a search for the Northwest Passage is undertaken by William Edward Parry, a British Naval officer, who led the first expedition into the Arctic Archipelago.
In 1831, James Clark Ross, a companion sailor of Parry, resumes the search for Northwest Passage.
In 1845, on the fourth and final Arctic voyage, Sir John Franklin leads a disastrous expedition on which all 129 crew members perish, including Franklin himself.
In 1878, Baron Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld is the first to successfully navigate the Northeast Passage (Northern Sea Route), following the northern coastline from Europe to Asia.
In 1884, the first International Polar Year is established, inspired by Karl Weyprecht, a member of the Austro-Hungarian navy.
In 1881, in preparation for the first International Polar Year, U.S. army officer Lt. Adolphus Greely leads the Lady Franklin Bay Expedition to set up an observation station.
In 1893, Fridtjof Nansen, a Norwegian scientist and explorer, believed an ocean current moves the Arctic ice from Siberia towards the west.
Roald Amundsen, a Norwegian explorer, completed the first successful navigation of the treacherous Northwest Passage with a 70-foot fishing boat in 1903.
Beginning in 1906, Vilhjalmur Stefansson, an anthropologist by training, led the Canadian Arctic Expedition, a total of three trips into Alaska and the Canadian Arctic.
In 1909, Robert Peary, an American, led the first expedition to reach the North Pole.
Beginning in 1910 the Russian Arctic Ocean Hydrographic Expedition is funded by the Imperial Russian Navy to explore, survey, and chart the Northern Sea Route with the view of developing a commercial sea route.
In 1930 the US Navy provided a submarine for Sir Hubert Wilkins, an Australian polar explorer.
In 1943, the militarization of the Arctic began after the Canadian military performed operations in the North.
In 1946, the fourth and final operation of the series was held in the Canadian North to prepare for a Northern invasion from aggressor nations from the North after World War II.
In December 1954 construction began by the United States on the installation of a series of radar stations along the coasts of Greenland, Iceland, Alaska, and in Northern Canada.
In 1956 the Saami Council is a non-governmental organization that establishes a forum to discuss issues related to the Saami people.
In 1977, Inuit from Canada, Greenland, and Alaska were hosted in Barrow, Alaska by Eben Hopson where they established the Inuit Circumpolar Conference, now Council.
We'd love to hear from you. Please send questions or feedback to the below email addresses.
Before contacting us, you may wish to visit our FAQs page which has lots of useful info on Tiki-Toki.
We can be contacted by email at: hello@tiki-toki.com.
You can also follow us on twitter at twitter.com/tiki_toki.
If you are having any problems with Tiki-Toki, please contact us as at: help@tiki-toki.com
Close