He had no technology to research his theory of the atom but he said that all things are "composed of minute invisible, indestructible particles of pure matter which move about eternally in infinite empty space"
He exhibited how atoms bond together in definite proportions. Through experiments with Hydrogen and Oxygen he determined that atoms of different elements would join together in "whole number fixed ratios."Though this he came up with the "Modern Atomic Theory" which has five theories under it. This new view of the atom helped explain how different substances where created and help make sense of how reactions worked. He worked with gases and found that only two gases could be combined in certain ratios.
Is accredited for discovering the electron, he did so by creating the mass spectrometer, which lead him to believe that there are negatively charged particles present in every atom. From here he created the Plum Pudding model, which has the electrons and protons randomly placed throughout the model. This model helped explain why atoms moved the way they did and why substances and elements where attracted to one another.
Using the Gold Foil experiment where he shot alpha particles at a gold sheet. Through seeing how they reflected or contiuned through the sheet he was able to determine that there must be a area with a high desity of postively charged particles. This he named the nucleus. He suggested that the nucleus was positively charged and the electrons surrounded the nucleus. This new idea made more sense of what Thomson had proposed. It showed that there where indeed electrons but that they where not randomly placed.
Bohr suggested that the electrons would not simple exist around the nucleus but would have different shells. Each shell increased in the amount of energy the electrons would have, as well as they would always fill the lowest available level before moving into a new one. He used the light spectrum to confirm this. When he looked at the spectra lines for hydrogen and did some calculations he figured out that it equaled the wavelengths for each colour. This model not only explained more clearly how the electrons moved, how chemical compounds where made but also the energy of the electrons.
Came up with a formula describing how most likely the electrons would move around the nucleus. He said that they do not travel on orbits but instead in orbitals. They would move in a given area, based on where it would be most probable for them to be. He used complicated mathematical equations to figure this out.
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