Boston School Committee (under pressure of Horace Mann, Secretary of the State Board of Education in Massachusetts) used written exams to assess schools and ranked performance
Christian Felix Klein was a German mathematician, known for his work in group theory, function theory, non-Euclidean geometry, and on the connections between geometry and group theory. His 1872 Erlangen Program, classifying geometries by their underlying symmetry groups, was a hugely influential synthesis of much of the mathematics of the day. Chaired the International Commission on Mathematical Instruction established in 1908 at the International Congress of Mathematicians held in Rome. Klein believed that substantial changes in the school of mathematics curriculum were essential if the demands of modern higher education were to be met (supporting analytical geometry and calculus in secondary schools)
Founder of Math Education
New Yorks College for the Training of Teachers, established in 1887, became affiliated with Columbia University
the primary purpose in convening the Committee of Ten was to provide a national force for standardizing the secondary school curricula
A NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION group formed in 1895 to develop a standardized high school curriculum to prepare students for college. Published in 1899, the committee’s report standardized college admission requirements by basing them on successful completion of a required number of high school course units.
E. H. Moore’s speech at AMS conference is considered the beginning of math education reform
○ focused on elementary mathematics education ○ In the 1970s, his single-handed intervention prevented the Netherlands from following the worldwide trend of "`new math"' ○ He was also a fervent critic of one of the first international school achievement studies ○ organize the first International Congress on Mathematical Education (ICME) in Lyon in 1969 ○ Hans Freudenthal Award, for a major program of research on mathematics education. The award is conferred every two years
The International Commission on the Teaching of Mathematics was established in 1908 at the 4th International Congress of Mathematicians held in Rome and was chaired by Felix Klein.
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○ Director of SMSG (School Mathematics Study Group) ○ SMSG was NSF project that combined efforts of NCTM, MAA, AMS ○ Professor at Yale and Stanford ○ Was secretary of AMS ○ Topologist ○ Write “Critical Variables in Mathematics Education: Findings From a Survey of the Empirical Literature
○ American cognitive and educational psychologist ○ Contrast to Piaget – looked at experiential and environmental factors ○ Believed could teach any concept to a child of any age – basis for spiral curriculum ○ Basis of constructivism – learning is an active process in which learners construct new ideas or concepts based on current/past knowledge ○ Educated at Duke and Harvard ○ Associated with Harvard
International Mathematical Union was formed at the 1920 International Congress of Mathematicians, held in Strasbourg
○ Co-author of Teaching Gap Worked on TIMMS video study ○ Researched international comparisons of mathematics teaching methods ○ Co-author of The Effects of Classroom Mathematics Teaching on Students’ Learning published in Second Handbook of Research on Mathematics Teaching
○ Former president of NCTM ○ Spent great deal of time defending Curriculum Focal Points – he was president when they were released ○ Researches on representation Member of National Mathematics Advisory Panel ○ Recently received grant from CISCO learning to develop leadership materials for graduate program for elementary teachers wishing to be mathematics specialists
○ Coined the term ethnomathematics – the mathematics of different cultures ○ Professor in Brazil ○ Past vice-president of ICMI ○ Awarded Felix Klein Medal – ICMI ○ Interested in the role of mathematics, mathematics educators, and mathematicians in achieving peace
○ Past president of ICMI ○ Mathematics professor at University of Michigan ○ Researches with Deborah Ball – practice based research on teaching and learning ○ Known for work in algebra ○ Works to build bridges between diverse professional communities involved in mathematics education
○ Dean of Education at University of Michigan ○ Former elementary teacher ○ Researches mathematical knowledge for teaching – research focuses on mathematics instruction and interventions to improve quality and effectiveness ○ Over 150 publications and awards ○ Member of National Mathematics Advisory Panel ○ Principal investigation of Study of Instructional Improvement ○ Researches with Hyman Bass
○ Born in England, teaches at Vanderbilt ○ Won Hans Fruendenthal Medal ○ Interested in how to support improvement of mathematics education at scale – take what learned in small study and apply to larger groups – now focuses on district improvements ○ Focused on elementary and middle school – especially statistics ○ Looks at students’ mathematics learning in social context of classroom
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○ Stanford University Professor ○ What’s Math Got To Do With It?
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